{"id":741,"date":"2020-07-16T17:33:47","date_gmt":"2020-07-16T16:33:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/?p=741"},"modified":"2020-09-17T14:52:25","modified_gmt":"2020-09-17T13:52:25","slug":"bientraitance-et-neologicite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/blog\/2020\/07\/16\/bientraitance-et-neologicite\/","title":{"rendered":"Bientraitance et n\u00e9ologicit\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ce matin, en \u00e9coutant la radio, mon oreille a accroch\u00e9 sur un \u00e9nonc\u00e9 prononc\u00e9 par le ministre des Solidarit\u00e9s et de la Sant\u00e9, Olivier V\u00e9ran : \u00ab\u00a0<em>nous allons, \u00e0 travers la loi autonomie, augmenter la quantit\u00e9 de personnels pour pouvoir augmenter le taux d&rsquo;encadrement, pour la <strong>bientraitance<\/strong> et l&rsquo;accompagnement des personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Tiens donc, <em>bientraitance<\/em>, \u00e7a a l&rsquo;air nouveau&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Quelle surprise! Le dictionnaire d&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.antidote.info\/fr\/antidote-10\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Antidote 10<\/a> r\u00e9pertorie l&rsquo;unit\u00e9, sa n\u00e9ologicit\u00e9 n&rsquo;est donc pas si \u00e9vidente que \u00e7a. Un rapide tour des dictionnaires en ligne m&rsquo;apprend que l&rsquo;on trouve la <em>bientraitance<\/em> chez <a>Larousse<\/a>, mais pas chez <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionnaire.lerobert.com\/bientraitance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Le Robert<\/a>, pas non plus dans l&rsquo;\u00e9dition en cours du <a href=\"https:\/\/academie.atilf.fr\/9\/consulter\/beintraitance?page=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dictionnaire de l&rsquo;Acad\u00e9mie Fran\u00e7aise<\/a>, ni dans le <a href=\"https:\/\/cnrtl.fr\/definition\/bientraitance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TLFi<\/a>. La notice m\u00eame du <a>Wiktionnaire<\/a>, n&rsquo;est pas tr\u00e8s aboutie&#8230; Alors, n\u00e9ologique ou lexicalis\u00e9e ?<\/p>\n<p>Aucune occurrence dans la base textuelle <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frantext.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frantext<\/a>, 257 occurrences dans le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.clarin.si\/noske\/wacs.cgi\/first?corpname=frwac&amp;reload=&amp;iquery=bientraitances%3F&amp;queryselector=cqlrow&amp;lemma=&amp;phrase=&amp;word=&amp;wpos=&amp;char=&amp;cql=%5Bword%3D%22bientraitances%3F%22%5D&amp;default_attr=word&amp;fc_lemword_window_type=both&amp;fc_lemword_wsize=5&amp;fc_lemword=&amp;fc_lemword_type=all&amp;fc_pos_window_type=both&amp;fc_pos_wsize=5&amp;fc_pos_type=all&amp;usesubcorp=&amp;fsca_text.domain=&amp;fsca_text.t2ld=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">frWaC<\/a>&#8230; que nous apprennent les <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/ngrams\/graph?year_start=1800&amp;year_end=2019&amp;content=bientraitance&amp;corpus=30&amp;smoothing=3&amp;direct_url=t1%3B%2Cbientraitance%3B%2Cc0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">livres r\u00e9pertori\u00e9s par Google<\/a> ?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_1950-1990_bientraitance.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_1950-1990_bientraitance-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-751\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_1990-2000_bientraitance.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_1990-2000_bientraitance-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-752\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000_2019_bientraitance.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000_2019_bientraitance-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-753\" \/><\/a>\n<\/p>\n<p>La premi\u00e8re occurrence r\u00e9pertori\u00e9e semble dater de 1953. Avant 1990, les occurrences sont peu nombreuses et n&rsquo;apparaissent pas tous les ans. Durant la derni\u00e8re d\u00e9cennie du XXe si\u00e8cle, le nombre d&rsquo;occurrences augmente lentement, puis cette augmentation s&rsquo;acc\u00e9l\u00e8re au XXIe si\u00e8cle, avec un pic en 2013.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000-2019_mal_bien_traitance_a-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000-2019_mal_bien_traitance_a-1-300x167.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"167\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-759\" srcset=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000-2019_mal_bien_traitance_a-1-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000-2019_mal_bien_traitance_a-1-1024x569.png 1024w, https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000-2019_mal_bien_traitance_a-1-768x427.png 768w, https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000-2019_mal_bien_traitance_a-1.png 1523w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000-2019_mal_bien_traitance_b-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000-2019_mal_bien_traitance_b-1-300x167.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"167\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-760\" srcset=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000-2019_mal_bien_traitance_b-1-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000-2019_mal_bien_traitance_b-1-1024x569.png 1024w, https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000-2019_mal_bien_traitance_b-1-768x427.png 768w, https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_2000-2019_mal_bien_traitance_b-1.png 1523w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n<\/p>\n<p>Sans grande surprise, l&rsquo;\u00e9volution du nombre d&rsquo;occurrences de <em>bientraitance<\/em> suit de pr\u00e8s celle du nombre d&rsquo;occurrences de <em>maltraitance<\/em>, dont le pic appara\u00eet un an plus t\u00f4t.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_1950-2019_mal_bien_traitant.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_1950-2019_mal_bien_traitant-300x165.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"165\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-754\" srcset=\"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_1950-2019_mal_bien_traitant-300x165.png 300w, https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_1950-2019_mal_bien_traitant-1024x563.png 1024w, https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_1950-2019_mal_bien_traitant-768x422.png 768w, https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_1950-2019_mal_bien_traitant-1536x844.png 1536w, https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/07\/NgramViewerGoogle_1950-2019_mal_bien_traitant.png 1859w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Les d\u00e9riv\u00e9s syntaxiques adjectivaux ou nominaux de <em>bientraitance<\/em> sont bien plus timidement employ\u00e9s que ceux de <em>maltraitance<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Il sera int\u00e9ressant de voir comment \u00e9volue cette unit\u00e9 et quelle place elle va occuper dans le lexique du fran\u00e7ais si elle devient un mot-clef de la politique de Solidarit\u00e9s et de Sant\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise dans les prochains mois. Dans quels motifs lexicaux s&rsquo;ins\u00e9rera-t-elle ? Et quels sont d&rsquo;ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 ceux dans lesquels s&rsquo;ins\u00e8rent <em>malveillance<\/em>, <em>bienveillance<\/em>, <em>maltraitance<\/em> et <em>bien-pensance<\/em>, qu&rsquo;elle \u00e9voque spontan\u00e9ment ? <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ce matin, en \u00e9coutant la radio, mon oreille a accroch\u00e9 sur un \u00e9nonc\u00e9 prononc\u00e9 par le ministre des Solidarit\u00e9s et de la Sant\u00e9, Olivier V\u00e9ran : \u00ab\u00a0nous allons, \u00e0 travers la loi autonomie, augmenter la quantit\u00e9 de personnels pour pouvoir augmenter le taux d&rsquo;encadrement, pour la bientraitance et l&rsquo;accompagnement des personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es\u00a0\u00bb. Tiens donc, bientraitance, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[38,39],"class_list":["post-741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-breves","tag-neologie","tag-reaction"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/741","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=741"}],"version-history":[{"count":36,"href":"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/741\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":840,"href":"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/741\/revisions\/840"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=741"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=741"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perso.atilf.fr\/sollinge\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=741"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}